怎樣選擇鍛件加工的設(shè)備?設(shè)備選擇包含加熱、鑄造、熱處理等設(shè)備的選擇。

　　How to choose the equipment for forging? Equipment selection includes heating, casting, heat treatment and other equipment selection.

　　(1)加熱設(shè)備。有室狀輻射式電阻爐和空氣強(qiáng)逼循環(huán)電阻爐兩種。室狀輻射式電阻爐結(jié)構(gòu)大概，分批裝料，適用于小批量和大鍛件單件臨產(chǎn)?？諝鈴?qiáng)逼循環(huán)電阻爐加熱速度快，溫差小，選用推料式或鏈帶式的連續(xù)裝料方法，適用于大批量臨產(chǎn)。

　　(1) heating equipment. A chamber radiation type resistance furnace and air forced circulation resistance furnace two. The chamber type radiation resistance furnace structure is approximately batch loading, suitable for small batch and large forgings single birth. Forced circulation air resistance furnace heating speed, small temperature difference, continuous loading method selection of pusher type or chain type, suitable for large quantities of labor.

　　(2)鑄造設(shè)備。有機(jī)械壓力機(jī)、冷靜鑄造水壓機(jī)和模鍛水壓機(jī)。小型模鍛件常選用機(jī)械壓力機(jī)，大中型模鍛件和形狀雜亂的模鍛件廣泛選用水壓機(jī)。冷靜鑄造水壓機(jī)用于臨產(chǎn)冷靜鍛件;單向模鍛水壓機(jī)和多向模鍛水壓機(jī)均用于臨產(chǎn)模鍛件。水壓機(jī)通常用高壓水驅(qū)動，當(dāng)車間內(nèi)設(shè)置設(shè)備鋪排多臺水壓機(jī)時，可共用高壓水泵站。大中型鑄造設(shè)備都配有無軌或有軌坯料裝出料機(jī)、鑄造操作機(jī)或旋臂起重機(jī)等協(xié)助設(shè)備，以減輕勞動強(qiáng)度和行進(jìn)臨產(chǎn)效能。

　　(2) casting equipment. There are mechanical press, cool casting hydraulic press and die forging hydraulic press. Small size forgings often use mechanical press. Large and medium die forgings and irregular shapes of die forgings are widely used in hydraulic press. The die casting hydraulic press is used for the cold forging in the labor; the unidirectional die forging hydraulic press and the multidirectional die forging hydraulic press are all used in the die forgings. The hydraulic press is usually driven by high pressure water. When the equipment is set up in the workshop and more than one hydraulic press is arranged, the high-pressure water pump station can be shared. Large and medium-sized casting equipment is equipped with Trackless or rail billet, material feeding machine, casting machine or rotary arm crane to help equipment, so as to reduce labor intensity and labor efficiency.

　　(3)熱處理設(shè)備。有淬火爐、時效爐和退火爐三種。淬火爐常日選用立式空氣循環(huán)電阻爐，設(shè)有活動爐底，鍛件加工出爐后可直接投入淬火水槽中淬火。時效爐常日選用空氣強(qiáng)逼循環(huán)電阻爐。退火能夠在時效爐內(nèi)完畢。

　　(3) heat treatment equipment. There are three kinds of quenching furnace, aging furnace and annealing furnace. The vertical air circulation resistance furnace is adopted in the quenching furnace, and the movable bottom is provided. After the forging is processed, the furnace can be directly put into the quenching trough to be quenched. Aging furnace daily selection of air forced circulation resistance furnace. Annealing can be completed in the aging furnace.